Mohd Nor, Mohd Roslan, and Nik Zaitun Yusni Ali. “Ketokohan Dan Sumbangan Sultan Abdul Hamid II Sebagai Khalifah Terakhir Dawlah Uthmaniyyah Berlandaskan Prinsip Al-Quran Dan Al-Sunnah: Sultan Abdul Hamid II’s Leadership and Contributions As the Last Caliph of Ottoman Empire With Reference to Quranic and Sunnah Principles”. Maʿālim al-Qurʾān wa al-Sunnah 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 101-108. Accessed February 2, 2025. https://jmqs.usim.edu.my/index.php/jmqs/article/view/121.