Perspektif Imam Ibn Kathir Mengenai Konflik Perceraian Dalam Pentafsiran Surah Al-Baqarah

Ibn Kathīr’s Perspective on Marital Divorce Conflict in His Exegesis of Sūrah al-Baqarah

Abstract

Imām Ibn Kathīr offers a distinct interpretive approach to divorce (ṭalāq) in his Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿAẓīm. In his exposition of Sūrah al-Baqarah, he addresses the concept of divorce, its social implications, and key Sharīʿah rulings derived from the Qurʾānic text. This study aims to elucidate Ibn Kathīr’s perspective as a leading mufassir in clarifying divorce-related issues that affect family institutions, and to assess how his interpretation contributes to Muslim understanding of divorce law as grounded in revelation. Contemporary disputes often arise when divorce is treated lightly or pursued without due regard for Qurʾānic legal parameters and ethical constraints. Methodologically, the study employs an inductive approach to compile relevant data from Ibn Kathīr’s interpretation of divorce passages in Sūrah al-Baqarah, alongside descriptive analysis to present and synthesize his exegetical positions on selected verses, highlighting core concepts, legal emphases, and social considerations. The findings indicate that Ibn Kathīr frames divorce through a balance of legal obligation and moral responsibility, underscoring procedural fairness and the pursuit of social justice. He gives particular attention to the protection of women’s rights during the divorce process and stresses adherence to the relevant rulings and limits established by the Qurʾān. This study is expected to strengthen public understanding of Qurʾānic divorce legislation and to reinforce the principle that divorce conflicts should be avoided wherever possible; however, when divorce becomes necessary, implementing it in accordance with Qurʾānic guidance remains a legitimate and ethically regulated course of action.