دلالة المفعول به المعرّف بـــــ (ال) في أحاديث الأربعين النووية
The Definite Object Meaning of Prefixed to Alif Lam in The Forty Hadiths of Al-Imām Al-Nawawī
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jmqs.v17i1.277Keywords:
Meanings, Direct Object, Object preceded by Alif Lam, Forty Hadīths, al-Imām al-NawawīAbstract
(ال) حرف بسيط ثنائي مركب من ألف ولام، ولها أنواع : (ال) العهدية، و (ال) الجنسية، و (ال) زائدة، و (ال) الموصولية. وإذا دخلت على المفعول به (أل) فهي إما أن تكون لتعريف الجنس، وتسمى الجنسية، وإما لتعريف حصة معهودة منه ويُقال لها العهدية. يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة دلالات المفعول به المعرّف بـــــ (ال) في أحاديث الأربعين النووية التي تمثل مشكلةً لدى كثير من الطلاب لفهمها فهمًا دقيقًا. وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي حيث قام بوصف المفعول به وتحليله تحليلاً نحويًا دلاليًا اعتمادًا على آراء العلماء في النحو والدلالة والحديث. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى بعض النتائج المهمة وهي: أن قد ورد المفعول به اسمًا مقترنًا بـــ (ال) للدلالة على التعريف والتعيين في اثنين وعشرين موضعًا، والاستغراق والإحاطة والشمول في تسعة عشر موضعًا، وبيان الحقيقة والطبيعة في ثلاثة عشر موضعًا. بأمل هذ البحث المتواضع أن يقدم ما يؤهله للانضمام إلى مسيرة البحث الأكاديمي ويستفيد الباحثون من الدعاة والمهتمين بشرح الأحاديث النبوية الشريفة ويراعون الدلالات الخاصة بكلام النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عندما يخاطبون المجتمع الماليزي للإرتقاء به والحفاظ عليه.
Alif Lam is a simple binary composite character of alif and lam with various types: ‘ahdiyyah (‘default’ alif lam), jinsiyyah (generic), zāidah (additional), and mauṣūliyyah (relative). If the alif lam is maf’ul bih (prefixed to the direct object), it is either to define jins, called jinsiyyah, or to define its typical share called the ‘ahdiyyah. This research aims to study the meaning of definite object preceded by alif lam in the famous Forty Hadiths of al-Imām al-Nawawī which represents a problem among students to understand deeply the meaning of Hadith. This research was relied on the descriptive analysis method, where it describes definite object preceded by alif lam along with to analyse the alif lam from syntactic and semantic sides. The study has reached some pivotal results which are: the maf’ul bih associated with alif lam which denote ta’rīf (definition) and ta’yīn (specification) occur in twenty-two places, while for istighrāq, ihāṭhah and shumūl of alif lam in nineteen places, and the haqiqah (reality) and tabi’iyyah (nature) in thirteen places. The conclusion of this study establishes the multiple conditions that occur in the sentences and lead to different meanings benefited the grammarians in setting the grammatical rules. This study also found that this approach helps the students in understanding the prophetic texts correctly.
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