تفسير سورة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم: دراسة مقارنة بين الطبري وابن أبي حاتم الرازي
The Interpretation of Surah Muhammad: A Comparative Study between Al-Tabari and Ibn Abi Hatim Al-Razi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jmqs.v16i1.217الكلمات المفتاحية:
surah Muhammad، comparative exegesis، interpretation، al-Tabari، Ibn Abi Hatim al-Raziالملخص
Since its emergence, the interpretation of the Quran had encountered complex phases throughout the history of Islamic literature. The Quran had been interpreted with various methods and tafsir bi al-ma’thur (traditional exegesis) and tafsir bi al-ra’y (reason-based exegesis) are among the famous approaches in Quranic exegesis. However, there is one method of interpretation referred to as tafsir muqaranah (comparative exegesis) which is a comparative-contrastive exegetical analysis in which the mufassir (exegete) compares and contrasts between verses with verses or verses with hadith or by various opinion or views of exegetes on an exegetical issue symbolized by a given verse. This method or approach is rarely given an exposure despite being a method formulated and utilized by the early exegetes of formative phase such as al-Tabari and Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the definition of comparative exegesis and depicting the similarities and differences of the interpretation of al-Tabari and Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi in selected verses from surah Muhammad (peace be upon Him). It also aims to examine how these differences could be interacted and related to each other and to wider context of the arrival at conclusive interpretation. Data for this study was obtained through the literature review methodology as well as an analysis based on inductive and deductive methods. The paper concludes by saying that there are similarities in both methodologies of al-Tabari and Ibn Abi Hatim particularly in interpreting a verse through al-ma’thur technique. Yet the differences among them could be identified by distinct terminological usage of a word in the same verse. While the establishment of tarjih (preponderance) or selecting among differing opinions could be found in conflicting issue of surah Muhammad verses in order to get the best conclusion of the interpretation.
المراجع
‘Umair, ‘Abidein Muhammad Sa’id (1402-1403H), Surah Muhammad s.a.w wal Qadaya allati Tu’alijuha, Risalah al-Majister, Jamiah Ummul Qura.
Al-Baghdadi, Ahmad bin Ali (1422H), Tarikh Baghdad, Beirut: Dar al-Gharbi al-Islami.
Al-Hamawi, Yaqut bin Abdullah (1414H), Mu’jam al-Udaba’, Beirut: Dar al-Gharbi al-Islami.
Al-Kumi, al-Qasim, Ahmad al-Sayyid dan Muhammad Ahmad Yusuf (n.d), At-Tafsir al-Mauduie li al-Quran al-Karim, Kaherah: Dar al-Huda.
Al-Maruzi, Abdul Karim bin Muhammad (1382H), Al-Ansab, Hyderbard: Majlis Da I’rah al-Ma’arif al-Uthmaniah.
Al-Masyni, Mustafa Ibrahim (1427H), At-Tafsir al-Muqaran-Dirasah Ta’siliah, Majalah al-Syariah wa al-Qanun, Jamiah al-Syariqah.
Al-Raghib, Al-Husin bin Muhammad (n.d), Mu’jam Mufradat Alfaz al-Quran, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Salus, Ali bin Ahmad (2003M), Ma’a al-Asthna ‘asyariah fi al-Usul wa al-Furu’, Riyadh: Dar al-Fadhilah.
Al-Sofadi, Khalil bin Aibak (1420H), Al-Wafi bil Wafayat, Beirut: Dar Ihya at-Turath.
Al-Solihi, Muhammad bin Ahmad (1317H), Tabaqat ‘ulama’ al-Hadith, Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah.
Al-Suyuti, Abdul Rahman bin Abi Bakr (1393H), Al-Itqan fi ‘ulum al-Quran, Mesir: Al-Haiah al-Misriyyah al ‘Ammah li al-Kitab.
Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir (1420H), Jami’ al-Bayan ‘an Ta’wil Ayat al-Quran, Beirut: Muasassah al-Risalah.
Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir (1422H), Jami’ al-Bayan ‘an Ta’wil Ayat al-Quran, Beirut: Dar Hijrah.
Al-Tha’labi, Ahmad bin Muhammad (1422H), Al-Kasyaf wal Bayan ‘an al-Tafsir al-Quran, Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi.
Al-Wahidi, Ali bin Ahmad (1430H), At-Tafsir al-Basit, Riyadh: ‘Imadah al-Bahas al-Ilmi, Jamiah al-Imam Muhammad bin Suud al-Islamiyyah.
Al-Zahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad (1985), Siyar A’lam al-Nubala’, Beirut: Muasassah al-Risalah.
Al-Zahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad (1992), Al-Kashif fi Ma’rifah Man Lahu Riwayah fi al-Kutub al-Sittah, Jeddah: Dar al-Qiblah li at-Thaqafah al-Islamiyyah, Muasassah ‘Ulum al-Quran.
Al-Zahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad (1998), Tazkirat al-Huffaz¸ Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.
Al-Zahabi, Muhammad Husin (n.d), At-Tafsir wal Mufassirun, Kaherah, Maktabah Wahbah.
Al-Ziriqli, Khairuddin bin Mahmood (2002), Al-‘Alam, Beirut: Dar al-Ilm li al-Malayin.
Al-Zurqani, Muhammad Abdul Azim (n.d), Manahil al-Irfan fi ‘ulum al-Quran, Matbaah ‘Isa al-Babi al-Halabi wa al-Syuraka’.
Firaun, Raudhah Abdul Karim (2011), At-Tafsir al-Muqaran: Dirasah Nazariah wal Tatbiqiah ‘ala Surah al-Fatihah, Risalah Dukturah, Jordan, Jamiah al-‘Ulum al-Islamiyyah.
Ibn ‘Asakir, Ali bin Al-Husin (1415H), Tarikh Dimasyq, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn Abi Hatim, Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad (1419H), Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim, Arab Saudi: Maktabah Nazar Mustafa al-Baz.
Ibn Abi Ya’la, Muhammad bin Muhammad (n.d), Tabaqat al-Hanabilah, Beirut: Dar Al-Ma’rifah.
Ibn al-‘Imad, Abdul Hayyi bin Ahmad (1406H), Syazarat al-Zahab fi akhbar min al-Zahab, Damsyiq: Dar Ibn Kathir.
Ibn Faris, Ahmad bin Faris (1399H), Mu’jam Maqayis al-Lughah, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn Hajar, Ahmad bin Ali (1406H), Taqrib at-Tahzib, Syria: Dar al-Rasyid.
Ibn Kathir, Ismail bin Omar (1424H), Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah, Beirut: Dar Hijrah.
Ibn Khalikan, Shamsuddin Ahmad bin Muhammad (1994M), Wafiat al-‘A’yan wa anba abna’ al-Zaman, Beirut: Dar as-Sadir.
Ibn Manzur, Muhammad bin Mukram (1414H), Lisan al-Arab, Beirut: Dar as-Sadir.
Ibn Taimiyyah, Taqiuddin Ahmad bin Abdul Halim (n.d), Daqaiqul at-Tafsir, Damsyiq: Muasassah Ulum al-Quran.
Lajnah al-Fatwa bi Al-Syabakah al-Islamiah (1430H), Fatawa Al-Syabakah al-Islamiah.
Mustafa, Ibrahim (n.d), Mu’jam al-Wasit, Dar al-Da’wah.
Shakir, Muhammad bin Syakir (1974M), Fawat al-Wafayat, Beirut: Dar as-Sadir.
منشور
كيفية الاقتباس
إصدار
القسم
The copyright of this article will be vested to author(s) and granted the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, unless otherwise stated.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
